The family of Shamima Begum, who joined the Islamic State group in Syria aged 15, say they plan to challenge the move to strip her of UK citizenship.
Her family’s lawyer, Tasnime Akunjee, said they were considering “all legal avenues” to contest the decision.
Government sources said it was possible to strip the 19-year-old of British nationality as she was eligible for citizenship of another country.
Ms Begum, who left east London in 2015, had said she wanted to return home.
She was found in a Syrian refugee camp last week after reportedly leaving Baghuz – IS’s last stronghold – and gave birth to a son at the weekend.
A Home Office spokesperson said the department did not comment on individual cases but decisions to remove citizenship were “based on all available evidence and not taken lightly”.
The spokesperson said: “In recent days the home secretary has clearly stated that his priority is the safety and security of Britain and the people who live here.”
Bangladesh link
Ms Begum is believed to be of Bangladeshi heritage but when asked by the BBC, she said she did not have a Bangladesh passport and had never been to the country.
Lord Carlile, a former independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, said that if Ms Begum’s mother was a Bangladeshi national – as is believed to be the case – under Bangladesh law Ms Begum would be too.
However, the family’s lawyer Mr Akunjee told the Independent that the Bangladeshi government “does not know who she is”.
He said: “Our position is that to all practical purposes she has been made stateless.”
Under the 1981 British Nationality Act, a person can be deprived of their citizenship if the home secretary is satisfied it would be “conducive to the public good” and they would not become stateless as a result.
In an interview with the BBC on Monday, Ms Begum said she never sought to be an IS “poster girl” and now simply wished to raise her child quietly in the UK.
Lord Carlile said the nationality of Ms Begum’s baby was “even more complicated”.
As the baby’s father is believed to be Dutch, he may be entitled to Dutch nationality as well as British and “probably Bangladesh nationality”.
A child born to a British parent before they are deprived of their citizenship would still be considered British.
While it would theoretically be possible for the UK to then remove citizenship from the child, officials would need to balance their rights against any potential threat they posed.
What are Ms Begum’s rights to appeal?
Ms Begum has the right to challenge the Home Office’s decision either by tribunal or judicial review, said Lord Carlile – who used to be in charge of informing the public on anti-terrorism law.
Lord Carlile told BBC Breakfast: “The test will be of reasonableness and proportionality so she would have to establish that the home secretary acted in an entirely disproportionate way in removing her nationality.
“That might be a difficult challenge for her because he appears to have acted within the law if it is indeed the case that she is entitled to Bangladesh nationality.”
He said it was a “complex issue” which “could run for a very long time through the courts”, and Ms Begum may likely stay where she is “for maybe two years at least”.
ITV News obtained the letter sent to Ms Begum’s mother, asking her to inform her daughter of the government’s decision.
Dal Babu, a former Metropolitan Police chief superintendent and friend of Ms Begum’s family, said they were “very surprised” by what seemed to be a “kneejerk reaction” by the Home Office.
Stressing that Ms Begum had never been to Bangladesh, Mr Babu said: “It seems to be a bizarre decision and I’m not entirely sure how that will stand up legally.”
Conservative MP George Freeman said the move was a “mistake” that would set a “dangerous precedent”.
But Tory MP Robert Halfon backed the Home Office move, saying it was “absolutely the right decision”.
Islamic State has lost most of the territory it once controlled, but between 1,000 and 1,500 militants are believed to be left in a 50 sq km (20 sq mile) near Syria’s border with Iraq.
Mr Javid told MPs earlier this week that more than 100 dual nationals had already lost their UK citizenship after travelling in support of terrorist groups.
Last year, two British men, accused of being members of an IS cell dubbed “The Beatles” were stripped of their citizenship after being captured in Syria.
Ms Begum has said she does not regret travelling to Syria, however, she said she did not agree with everything the IS group had done.
She told the BBC she was “shocked” by the 2017 Manchester Arena attack – which killed 22 people and was claimed by IS – but she also compared it to military assaults on IS strongholds, saying it was “retaliation”.
Robbie Potter, who was seriously injured in the attack while he waited for his children in the foyer of Manchester Arena, said he felt “angry” and sickened by Ms Begum’s comments.
Ms Begum left the UK with two school friends, Kadiza Sultana and Amira Abase in February 2015. Ms Sultana is thought to have died when a house was blown up, and the fate of Ms Abase is unknown.
Ms Begum gave birth to a baby boy last weekend, having previously lost two children.
Her husband, a Dutch convert to Islam, is thought to have surrendered to a group of Syrian fighters about two weeks ago.
